Norway until the Kalmar Union, 1397

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EuroDocs > History of Norway: Primary Documents > Until the Kalmar Union, 1397


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Photos of the three best preserved Viking ships in existence (links in left frame).
Ships and related artifacts digitized by the Viking Ship Museum in Oslo.
Also available in the Norwegian.
(Images; English, Norwegian commentary)
Collection of translations and transcriptions of an old type of Norse-Icelandic poetry. Includes historical narratives.
(English translations)
Online database of sources regarding times of instability in Europe, including reports on the vikings
In cooperation with Fordham University
(5th-13th century ; English transcription)
Originally written in Old Norse by the poet and historian Snorri Sturluson.
(850-1177, written ca. 1225; English translation)
Used as a source by Snorri Sturluson. Contains a list of information on kings, some of whom were historical and some of whom were mythical.
Danish translation: Ynglingerækken
(9-12th century; Old Norse transcription)
The travel accounts of Othere and Wulfstan, two merchants from the ninth century.
English translation on Project Gutenberg
(9th century; Old English)
Particularly strong in Old Norse sagas.
(9th to 13th centuries; Old Norse transcriptions)
Note: Diacritics on the main page are illegible.
A Norwegian's account of his explorations northward, related by King Alfred.
From Elfinspell
(890; English translation)
List of authors and books containing ancient Arabic accounts of Scandinavian peoples.
Viking Answer Lady
(around the 10th century)
This mourning poem is for the son of the Viking, Rollo.
It serves as "an excellent laboratory in medieval philology."
(943; Latin facsimiles and variant text transcriptions with English and German translations)
Poem which establishes the Hlaðir and Hárfagri as socially equal dynasties.
(985; Icelandic transcription)
A poem written to commemorate a battle that took place between the Vikings and the Anglo-Saxon leader Byrhtnoth.
From The Old English Narrative Poetry Project from Dr. Aaron K. Hostetter
(991; English translation)
The account of Leif Erikson's historic voyages
EyeWitness to History
(1000 AD; English transcription)
Halldórr inn ókristni, whose name means "Halldorr the Un-Christian", was a poet at the court of Jarl Eiríkr. After the Battle of Svölðr, he wrote a poem celebrating his lord's victory.
From The Skaldic Project
(1000; English translation)
Written to honor Emma of Normandy, queen consort of Denmark, England and Norway
Made available by Bibliotheca Augustana
(1041; Latin transcription)
Online medieval Norwegian diplomas provided by the Dokumentasjons Prosjektet.
Searching is by keyword or (more practical for browsing) by volume and page number.
(1050-1590; Old Norse, Latin, Swedish, Middle High German, and other language transcriptions)
Regarding Olaf King of Norway
From Internet Sacred Text Archive
(11th century; English translation)
Main source of late 12th century Norwegian history.
Old Norse book version
Digitized medieval manuscript version
(1177–1202; English translation)
The oldest preserved kings' saga, by Theodoric the Monk. Covers the period of King Haraldr hárfagri (9th century) to King Sigurðr Jórsalafari (1130).
(circa 1177; English translation)
A history of Norwegian Kings from the end of the reign of Hálfdan svarti to the beginning of the reign of Ingi krókhryggr
See also [Fornmanna sögur], an Icelandic text
(1190; English translation)
Enumeration of the Kings of Norway. Preserves information otherwise forgotten in the lost works of Sæmundr fróði
From Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages
(1190; Icelandic transcription)
(13th century; English translation)
How the Faroe Islands became both Christian and Norwegian
Made available by Icelandic Saga Database
(1200; English translation)
Old saga of Norse kings. Title means "mouldy parchment".
(Danish translation; 1220)
A kings' saga used as a source by Snorri Sturluson. Relates the history of Norway from Halfdan the Black (9th century) to the Battle of Re (12th century).
(1220; Danish facsimile)
”The taxes imposed by the King in Norway after the Danish conquest were numerous, and were expected to be paid in kind. Possibly some of them had existed previous to the conquest.”
From the Medieval Sourcebook in cooperation with Fordham University
(1230 ; English transcriptions)
Harald Hardrake was a Norwegian king who had previously attempted to claim the Danish and English crown. For fifteen years he was exiled as a soldier and military leader of the Byzantine Varangian Guard and in Kievan Rus.
From the Internet Sacred Text Archive
(circa 1230; English translation)
From the Heimskringla, on King Magnus who reigned from A.D. 1035 to 1047
Made available by Medieval and Classical Literature Library
(circa 1230; English translation)
Also called "Hákonar saga Hákonarsonar" or "The Saga of Haakon Haakonarson"
Tells the story of the king's life and reign, and is an important source for 1217-1263 Norwegian history.
(1264; English translation)
Treaty signed by Magnus VI with Scotland. Norway cedes Isle of Man and the Hebrides to Scotland.
(Latin with English translation; July 2, 1266)
"History of the Earls of Orkney" or "Jarls' Saga," a narrative dealing with the relationship between Norway, Scotland and islands. Its authenticity is debated.
(13th century; English facsimile translation)
Medieval Norwegian laws (digitized by the Danish Royal Library)
(1300-1600; facsimiles)
Who reigned over Norway A. D. 995 to A. D. 1000. Deals also with his conversion to Christianity.
Modern Icelandic spelling version: Ólafs Saga Tryggvasonar
(1300; English translation)
Eireks saga víðförla. This saga is the result of real historical events merged with later-added myths; although taught for centuries as history, a more reliable source on Eric the Traveller is Skálholtsbók.
Made available by Germanic Mythology
(1300; English and Icelandic transcription)
(Scandinavian literature, sagas and chronicles; transcriptions)
(Gradually the Land Became Our Own)
An interactive connection of images, documents and commentary.
(10,000 BC to the present; images, video clips, facsimiles and commentary)
A major digitization project of the holdings of the Norwegian Folk Museum.
Reproductions of over 200,000 artifacts and photographs from the collection.
(Facsimiles and photographs in a searchable database)



EuroDocs > History of Norway: Primary Documents > Until the Kalmar Union, 1397



EuroDocs Creator: Richard Hacken, European Studies Librarian,
Harold B. Lee Library, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, USA.
Feel free to get in touch: Hacken @ byu.edu